Correct System Design

Prof. Dr. Ernst-Rüdiger Olderog

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1 Publications (BibTeX Source)




@BOOK{OD08,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog and H. Dierks},
  TITLE = {Real-Time Systems --- Formal Specification and Automatic 
Verification},
  PUBLISHER = {Cambridge University Press},
  YEAR = 2008,
  NOTE = {ISBN 978-0-521-88333-7. For more information see: \url{http://csd.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de/rt-book/}{http://csd.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de/rt-book/}}
}


@ARTICLE{AVACS07,
  AUTHOR = {B. Becker and A. Podelski and W. Damm and M. Fr{\"a}nzle and
                  E.-R. Olderog and R. Wilhelm},
  TITLE = {{SFB/TR 14 AVACS -- Automatic Verification and Analysis of 
Complex Systems}},
  JOURNAL = {it -- Information Technology},
  PUBLISHER = {Oldenbourg},
  YEAR = {2007},
  NUMBER = {2},
  VOLUME = {49},
  PAGES = {118--126},
  NOTE = {See also \url{http://www.avacs.org}{http://www.avacs.org}}
}


@ARTICLE{MORW07,
  AUTHOR = {M. M\"oller and E.-R. Olderog and H. Rasch and H. Wehrheim},
  TITLE = {Integrating a Formal Method into a Software Engineering Process with
{UML} and {Java}},
  JOURNAL = {Formal Apsects of Computing},
  YEAR = {2007},
  VOLUME = {},
  NUMBER = {},
  NOTE = {To appear.},
  ABSTRACT = {
     We describe how CSP-OZ, a formal method combining 
     the process algebra CSP with the specification language Object-Z,
     can be integrated into an object-oriented software engineering
     process employing the UML as a modelling and Java as an implementation
language. 
     The benefit of this
     integration lies in the rigour of the formal method,
     which improves the precision of the constructed models and
     opens up the possibility of 
     (1) verifying properties of models in the early design phases, and 
     (2) checking adherence of implementations to models. 

     The envisaged application area of our approach is the design of
     distributed  {\em reactive systems}. To this end, we propose a
     specific UML {\em profile} for reactive systems. 
     The profile contains facilities for modelling components,
     their interfaces and interconnections via synchronous/broadcast
communication,
     and the overall architecture of a system. 
     The integration with the formal method proceeds by generating  
     a significant part of the CSP-OZ specification from the initially 
     developed UML model. The formal specification is on the one hand
     the starting point for {\em verifying} properties of the model,
     for instance by using the FDR model checker.
     On the other hand, it is the basis
     for generating {\em contracts} for the final implementation. 
     Contracts are written in the Java Modeling Language (JML) complemented 
     by \CSPjassda{}, an assertion  language for specifying orderings
     between method invocations.  
     A set of tools for runtime checking can be used to supervise 
     the adherence of the final Java implementation to the generated contracts.
  }
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{DammMOOPPSW07,
  AUTHOR = {Werner Damm and Alfred Mikschl and Jens Oehlerking and
Ernst-R{\"u}diger Olderog and Jun Pang and Andr{\'e} Platzer and Marc 
Segelken and Boris Wirtz},
  TITLE = {Automating Verification of Cooperation, Control, and Design in
Traffic Applications.},
  YEAR = {2007},
  PAGES = {115--169},
  EDITOR = {Cliff Jones and Zhiming Liu and Jim Woodcock},
  BOOKTITLE = {Formal Methods and Hybrid Real-Time Systems},
  PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
  SERIES = {LNCS},
  VOLUME = {4700},
  DOI = {10.1007/978-3-540-75221-9_6},
  ISSN = {},
  KEYWORDS = {},
  ABSTRACT = {
      We present a verification methodology for cooperating traffic
      agents covering analysis of cooperation strategies, realization
      of strategies through control, and implementation of control.
      For each layer, we provide dedicated approaches to formal
      verification of safety and stability properties of the design.
      The range of employed verification techniques invoked to span
      this verification space includes application of pre-verified
      design patterns, automatic synthesis of Lyapunov functions,
      constraint generation for parameterized designs, model-checking
      in rich theories, and abstraction refinement.  We illustrate
      this approach with a variant of the European Train Control
      System (ETCS), employing layer specific verification techniques
      to layer specific views of an ETCS design.},
  NOTE = {\url{http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75221-9_6}{(c)
Springer-Verlag}}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{BSO07,
  AUTHOR = {D. Basin and E.-R. Olderog and P.E. Sevin\c{c}},
  TITLE = {Specifying and analyzing security automata using {CSP-OZ}},
  BOOKTITLE = {Proceedings of the 2007 ACM Symposium on Information, Computer
and Communications Security (ASIACCS 2007)},
  PAGES = {70--81},
  YEAR = 2007,
  MONTH = {March},
  PUBLISHER = {ACM Press},
  LOCATION = {Singapore},
  ABSTRACT = {
    Security automata are a variant of B\"uchi automata used to specify
    security policies that can be enforced by monitoring system execution.
    In this paper, we propose using CSP-OZ, a specification language
    combining Communicating Sequential Processes (CSP) and Object-Z (OZ), to
    specify security automata, formalize their combination with target
    systems, and analyze the security of the resulting system
    specifications.  We provide theoretical results relating CSP-OZ
    specifications and security automata and show how
    refinement can be used to reason about specifications of security
    automata and their combination with target systems.  Through a case
    study, we provide evidence for the practical usefulness of this approach.
    This includes the ability to specify concisely complex operations and
    complex control, support for structured specifications, refinement, and
    transformational design, as well as automated, tool-supported analysis.
   }
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{erobs06,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog and B. Steffen},
  TITLE = {{F}ormale {S}emantik und {P}rogrammverifikation},
  BOOKTITLE = {Informatik-Handbuch, 4. Auflage},
  EDITOR = {P. Rechenberg and G. Pomberger},
  YEAR = 2006,
  PUBLISHER = {Hanser Verlag},
  PAGES = {145--166}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{SBO06,
  AUTHOR = {P. E. Sevin\c{c} and D. Basin and E.-R. Olderog},
  BOOKTITLE = {ETRICS 2006},
  EDITOR = {G\"unter M\"uller},
  MONTH = {June},
  PAGES = {352--367},
  PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
  SERIES = {LNCS},
  TITLE = {Controlling Access to Documents: A Formal Access Control Model},
  VOLUME = 3995,
  YEAR = 2006,
  ABSTRACT = {
    Current access-control systems for documents suffer from one or
    more of the following limitations: they are coarse-grained,
    limited to XML documents, ot unable to maintain control over
    copies of documents once they are released by the system.  We
    present a formal model of a system that overcomes all of these
    restrictions. It is very fine-grained, supporst a general class of
    documents, and provides a foundation for usage control.
  }
}


@ARTICLE{DHO06,
  AUTHOR = {W. Damm and H. Hungar and E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Verification of cooperating traffic agents},
  JOURNAL = {International Journal of Control},
  YEAR = {2006},
  VOLUME = {79},
  NUMBER = {5},
  MONTH = {May},
  PAGES = {395--421},
  ABSTRACT = {
    This paper exploits design patterns employed in coordinating
    autonomous transport vehicles so as to ease the burden in
    verifying cooperating hybrid systems. The presented verification
    methodology is equally applicable for avionics applications (such
    as TCAS, the Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System), train
    applications (such as ETCS, the European Train Control System), or
    automotive applications (such as platooning).  We present a
    verification rule explicating the essence of employed design
    patters, guaranteeing global safety properties of the kind ``a
    collision will never occur'', and whose premises can either be
    established by off-line analysis of the worst-case behavior of the
    involved traffic agents, or by purely local proofs, involving only
    a single traffic agent. A companion paper will show how such local
    proof obligations can be discharged automatically.
  }
}


@ARTICLE{OW05,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog and H. Wehrheim},
  TITLE = {{Specification and (property) inheritance in CSP-OZ}},
  JOURNAL = {Science of Computer Programming},
  YEAR = {2005},
  VOLUME = {55},
  PAGES = {227--257},
  ABSTRACT = {
    CSP-OZ [Fis97, Fis00] is a combination of Communicating Sequential
    Processes (CSP) and Object-Z (OZ). It enables the specification of
    systems having both a state-based and a behaviour-oriented view
    using the object-oriented concepts of classes, instantiation and
    inheritance. CSP-OZ has a process semantics in the failure
    divergence model of CSP. In this paper we explain CSP-OZ and
    investigate the notion of inheritance. Furthermore, we study the
    issue of property inheritance among classes. We prove in a uniform
    way that behavioural subtyping relations between classes
    introduced in [Weh02] guarantee the inheritance of safety and
    ``liveness'' properties.
    
    \emph{Key words}: CSP, Object-Z, failures divergence semantics,
    inheritance, safety and ``liveness'' properties, model-checking,
    FDR

\begin{thebibliography}
\bibitem{Fis97}
C.~Fischer.
\newblock {CSP-OZ}: A combination of {Object-Z} and {CSP}.
\newblock In H.~Bowman and J.~Derrick, editors, {\em Formal Methods for Open
  Object-Based Distributed Systems (FMOODS'97)}, volume~2, pages 423--438.
  Chapman \& Hall, 1997.

\bibitem{Fis00}
C.~Fischer.
\newblock {\em Combination and Implementation of Processes and Data: From
  {CSP-OZ} to {Java}}.
\newblock PhD thesis, Bericht Nr. 2/2000, University of Oldenburg, April 2000.


\bibitem{Weh02}
H.~Wehrheim.
\newblock Behavioural subtyping in object-oriented specification formalisms.
\newblock University of Oldenburg, Habilitation Thesis, 2002.
\end{thebibliography}
}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{DaHuOl04,
  AUTHOR = {W. Damm and H. Hungar and E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {On the Verification of Cooperating Traffic Agents},
  BOOKTITLE = {FMCO 2003: Formal Methods for Components and Objects},
  YEAR = {2004},
  EDITOR = {F.S. de Boer and M.M. Bonsangue and S. Graf and W.-P. de Roever},
  VOLUME = {3188},
  PAGES = {77--110},
  SERIES = {LNCS},
  ABSTRACT = {
    This paper exploits design patterns employed in coordinating
    autonomous transport vehicles so as to ease the burden in
    verifying cooperating hybrid systems. The presented veri cation
    methodology is equally applicable for avionics applications (such
    as TCAS), train applications (such as ETCS), or automotive
    applications (such as platooning). We present a veri cation rule
    explicating the essence of employed design patters, guaranteeing
    global safety properties of the kind ``a collision will never
    occur'', and whose premises can either be established by o -line
    analysis of the worst-case behavior of the involved tra c agents,
    or by purely local proofs, involving only a single tra c agent. In
    a companion paper we will show, how such local proof obligations
    can be discharged automatically.
  }
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{MORW04,
  AUTHOR = {M. M\"oller and E.-R. Olderog and H. Rasch and H. Wehrheim},
  TITLE = {{Linking CSP-OZ with UML and Java: A Case Study}},
  EDITOR = {E. Boiten and J. Derrick and G. Smith},
  BOOKTITLE = {Integrated Formal Methods},
  SERIES = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  NUMBER = {2999},
  PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
  ISSN = {0302-9743},
  PAGES = {267--286},
  YEAR = {2004},
  MONTH = {March},
  ABSTRACT = {
    We describe how CSP-OZ, an integrated formal method combining the
    process algebra CSP with the specification language Object-Z, can
    be linked to standard software engineering languages, viz.\ UML
    and Java.  Our aim is to generate a significant part of the CSP-OZ
    specification from an initially developed UML model using a UML
    profile for CSP-OZ, and afterwards transform the formal
    specification into assertions written in the Java Modelling
    Language JML complemented by CSP$_{jassda}$.  The intermediate
    CSP-OZ specification serves to verify correctness of the UML
    model, and the assertions control at runtime the adherence of a
    Java implementation to these formal requirements.  We explain this
    approach using the case study of a ``holonic manufacturing
    system'' in which coordination of transportation and processing is
    distributed among stores, machine tools and agents without central
    control.
  },
  URL = {http://csd.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de/pub/Papers/morw04.pdf},
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{OlWe02,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog and H. Wehrheim},
  TITLE = {{Specification and Inheritance in CSP-OZ}},
  EDITOR = {F. de Boer and M. Bosangue and S. Graf and W.-P. de Roever},
  BOOKTITLE = {Formal Methods for Components and Objects},
  VOLUME = {2852},
  SERIES = {LNCS},
  PAGES = {361--379},
  PUBLISHER = {Springer},
  YEAR = {2003},
  ABSTRACT = {
    CSP-OZ [Fis97,Fis00] is a combination of Communicating Sequential
    Processes (CSP) and Object-Z (OZ).  It enables the specification
    of systems having both a state-based and a behaviour-oriented view
    using the object-oriented concepts of classes, instantiation and
    inheritance. CSP-OZ has a process semantics in the failures
    divergence model of CSP.  In this paper we explain CSP-OZ and
    investigate the notion of inheritance. Behavioural subtyping
    relations between classes introduced in [Weh02] guarantee the
    inheritance of safety and ``liveness'' properties.

\begin{thebibliography}
\bibitem{Fis97}
C.~Fischer.
\newblock {CSP-OZ}: A combination of {Object-Z} and {CSP}.
\newblock In H.~Bowman and J.~Derrick, editors, {\em Formal Methods for Open
  Object-Based Distributed Systems (FMOODS'97)}, volume~2, pages 423--438.
  Chapman \& Hall, 1997.

\bibitem{Fis00}
C.~Fischer.
\newblock {\em Combination and Implementation of Processes and Data: From
  {CSP-OZ} to {Java}}.
\newblock PhD thesis, Bericht Nr. 2/2000, University of Oldenburg, April 2000.

\bibitem{Weh02}
H.~Wehrheim.
\newblock Behavioural subtyping in object-oriented specification formalisms.
\newblock University of Oldenburg, Habilitation Thesis, 2002.
\end{thebibliography}
}
}


@ARTICLE{OD03,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog and H. Dierks},
  TITLE = {{Moby/RT: A Tool for Specification and Verification of
Real-Time Systems}},
  JOURNAL = {Journal of Universal Computer Science},
  YEAR = {2003},
  VOLUME = {9},
  PAGES = {88--105},
  ABSTRACT = {
    The tool Moby/RT supports the design of real-time systems at the
    levels of requirements, design specifications and programs.
    Requirements are expressed by constraint diagrams [Kle00], design
    specifications by PLC-Automata [Die00], and programs by Structured
    Text, a programming language dedicated for programmable logic
    controllers (PLCs), or by programs for LEGO Mindstorm robots. In
    this paper we outline the theoretical background of Moby-RT by
    discussing its semantic basis and its use for automatic
    verification by utilising the model-checker UPPAAL.

\begin{thebibliography}
\bibitem{Kle00}
Kleuker, C. (2000).
\newblock {\em {Constraint Diagrams}}.
\newblock PhD thesis, University of Oldenburg.

\bibitem[Dierks, 2000]{Die00}
Dierks, H. (2000).
\newblock {PLC-Automata: A New Class of Implementable Real-Time Automata}.
\newblock {\em TCS}, 253(1):61--93.
\end{thebibliography}
  }
}


@ARTICLE{DO03,
  AUTHOR = {H. Dierks and E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {{Temporale Spezifikationslogiken}},
  JOURNAL = {at-Automatisierungstechnik},
  YEAR = {2003},
  VOLUME = {51},
  NUMBER = {2},
  PAGES = {A1--A4},
  ABSTRACT = {
     Logiken sind in der Informatik ein weitverbreitetes Mittel zur
     Spezifikation. Dazu werden Logiken verschiedener Auspr{\"a}gung
     benutzt, z.B.  temporale Logiken f{\"u}r reaktive Systeme, zu
     denen die Systeme der Automatisierungstechnik z{\"a}hlen.  Dieser
     Beitrag enth{\"a}lt eine Einf{\"u}hrung in die wichtigsten
     temporalen Logiken und Literaturverweise.

     \textbf{English}\\
     Logics are often used in computer science as specification
     languages.  There is a rich variety of logics to choose from
     depending on the problem. Systems in automation technology are
     typically reactive systems for which temporal logics are
     adequate.  We introduce the most important temporal logics and
     give reference for further reading.
   }
}


@ARTICLE{HO02b,
  AUTHOR = {J. Hoenicke and E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {{CSP-OZ-DC}: A Combination of Specification Techniques for
Processes, 
    Data and Time},
  JOURNAL = {Nordic Journal of Computing},
  YEAR = {2002},
  VOLUME = {9},
  NUMBER = {4},
  PAGES = {301--334},
  NOTE = {appeared March 2003},
  ABSTRACT = {
    CSP-OZ-DC is a new combination of three well researched formal
    techniques for the specification of processes, data and time: CSP
    [Hoa85], Object-Z [Smi00], and Duration Calculus [ZHR91]. This
    combination is illustrated by specifying the train controller of a
    case study on radio controlled railway crossings. The technical
    contribution of the paper is a smooth integration of the
    underlying semantic models and its use for verifying timing
    properties of CSP-OZ-DC specifications. This is done by combining
    the model-checkers FDR [Ros94] for CSP and UPPAAL [BLL97] for
    timed automata with a new tool \emph{f2u} that transforms FDR
    transition systems and certain patterns of Duration Calculus
    formulae into timed automata. This approach is illustrated by the
    example of a vending machine.

 \begin{thebibliography}
\bibitem{BLL97}
J.~Bengtsson, K.G. Larsen, F.~Larsson, P.~Pettersson, and Wang Yi.
\newblock Uppaal -- a tool suite for automatic verification of real-time
  systems.
\newblock In R.~Alur, T.A. Henzinger, and E.D. Sonntag, editors, {\em Hybrid
  Systems III -- Verification and Control}, volume 1066 of {\em LNCS}, pages
  232--243. Springer, 1997.

\bibitem{Hoa85}
C.A.R. Hoare.
\newblock {\em Communicating Sequential Processes}.
\newblock Prentice Hall, 1985.

\bibitem{Ros94}
A.W. Roscoe.
\newblock Model-checking {CSP}.
\newblock In A.W. Roscoe, editor, {\em A Classical Mind --- Essays in Honour of
  C.A.R.Hoare}, pages 353--378. Prentice-Hall, 1994.

\bibitem{Smi00}
G.~Smith.
\newblock {\em The Object-Z Specification Language}.
\newblock Kluwer Academic Publisher, 2000.

\bibitem{ZHR91}
C.~Zhou, C.A.R. Hoare, and A.P. Ravn.
\newblock A calculus of durations.
\newblock {\em Information Processing Letters}, 40(5):269--276, 1991.
 \end{thebibliography}
 
}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{ho02,
  AUTHOR = {J. Hoenicke and E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {{Combining Specification Techniques for Processes Data and
Time}},
  EDITOR = {M. Butler and L. Petre and K. Sere},
  BOOKTITLE = {Integrated Formal Methods},
  SERIES = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  VOLUME = {2335},
  PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
  URL = {http://csd.Informatik.Uni-Oldenburg.DE/~skript/pub/Papers/ho02-ifm.pdf},
  YEAR = {2002},
  MONTH = {May},
  PAGES = {245--266},
  ABSTRACT = {
    We present a new combination CSP-OZ-DC of three well researched
    formal techniques for the specification of processes, data and
    time: CSP [Hoa85], Object-Z [Smi00], and Duration Calculus
    [ZHR91]. The emphasis is on a smooth integration of the underlying
    semantic models and its use for verifying properties of CSP-OZ-DC
    specifications by a combined application of the model-checkers FDR
    [Ros94] for CSP and UPPAAL [BLL97] for Timed Automata.  This
    approach is applied to part of a case study on radio controlled
    railway crossings.
  }
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{fow01,
  AUTHOR = {C. Fischer and E.-R. Olderog and H. Wehrheim},
  TITLE = {{A CSP view on UML-RT structure diagrams}},
  BOOKTITLE = {{Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering}},
  PAGES = {91-108},
  YEAR = {2001},
  EDITOR = {H. Husmann},
  VOLUME = {2029},
  SERIES = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
  ABSTRACT = {
    UML-RT is an extension of UML for modelling embedded reactive and
    real-time software systems. Its particular focus lies on system
    descriptions on the architectural level, defining the overall
    system structure. In this paper we propose to use UML-RT structure
    diagrams together with the formal method CSP-OZ combining CSP and
    Object-Z. While CSP-OZ is used for specifying the system
    components themselves (by CSP-OZ classes), UML-RT diagrams provide
    the architecture description. Thus the usual architecture
    specification in terms of the CSP operators parallel composition,
    renaming and hiding is replaced by a graphical description. To
    preserve the formal semantics of CSP-OZ specifications, we develop
    a translation from UML-RT structure diagrams to CSP.  Besides
    achieving a more easily accessible, graphical architecture
    modelling for CSP-OZ, we thus also give a semantics to UML-RT
    structure diagrams.
  },
  URL = {http://csd.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de/~wehrheim/fase01.ps}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{bo01,
  AUTHOR = {M. Broy and E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {{Trace-Oriented Models of Concurrency}},
  BOOKTITLE = {Handbook of Process Algebra},
  PAGES = {101-195},
  YEAR = {2001},
  EDITOR = {J.A. Bergstra and A. Ponse and S.A. Scott},
  PUBLISHER = {Elsevier Science B.V.},
  ABSTRACT = {
    This chapter provides an in-depth presentation of trace-oriented
    models of concurrent processes.  We begin by introducing and
    investigating finite traces as a simple abstraction of the
    transition behaviour of automata.  Using finite traces safety
    properties of processes can be modelled.  Later infinite traces or
    {\it streams} together with stream processing functions are
    studied.  Using infinite traces more advanced phenomena like
    fairness and liveness properties can be modelled.  We discuss and
    relate operational, denotational, algebraic and logical approaches
    to trace-oriented models and explain methods for the specification
    and verification of process behaviour based on these models.
  }
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{or00,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog and A.P. Ravn},
  TITLE = {Documenting Design Refinement},
  EDITOR = {M.P.E. Heimdahl},
  BOOKTITLE = {Proc. of the Third Workshop on Formal Methods in Software
Practice},
  PAGES = {89--100},
  PUBLISHER = {ACM},
  YEAR = {2000},
  ABSTRACT = {
    We show how UML class diagrams can be used to document design by
    refinement in the early design stages. This is illustrated by an
    example from the area of embedded real-time and hybrid systems.  A
    precise semantics is given for the UML class diagrams by
    translation to the Z schema calculus.
  },
  URL = {http://csd.Informatik.Uni-Oldenburg.DE/pub/Papers/or00.ps}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{uniform99,
  AUTHOR = {B. Krieg-Br\"uckner and J. Peleska and E.-R. Olderog and A.
Baer},
  TITLE = {{The UniForM Workbench, a Universal Development
                  Environment for Formal Methods}},
  EDITOR = {J.M. Wing and J. Woodcock and J. Davies},
  BOOKTITLE = {{FM'99 -- Formal Methods}},
  SERIES = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  VOLUME = {1709},
  PUBLISHER = {Springer},
  YEAR = {1999},
  PAGES = {1186--1205}
}


@ARTICLE{ero99-login,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R.Olderog},
  TITLE = {Sichere {B}ahnsteuerungen},
  JOURNAL = {Log {IN}},
  PAGES = {64--65},
  NUMBER = {1},
  YEAR = {1999}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{ero99,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {{Correct Real-Time Software for Programmable Logic
Controllers}},
  BOOKTITLE = {{Correct System Design - Recent Insights and Advances}},
  SERIES = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  VOLUME = {1710},
  PUBLISHER = {Springer},
  YEAR = {1999},
  PAGES = {342--362}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{ero99-gi/itg,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Entwicklung korrekter zeitkritischer {Systeme}},
  BOOKTITLE = {{Formale} {Beschreibungstechniken} f\"ur verteilte
                  {Systeme}},
  EDITOR = {K. Spies and B. Sch\"atz },
  SERIES = {GI/ITG Fachgespr\"ach},
  VOLUME = {9},
  PUBLISHER = {Utz Verlag},
  YEAR = {1999},
  PAGES = {7--16}
}


@ARTICLE{msero99,
  AUTHOR = {Michael Schenke and E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Transformational design of real-time systems -- Part 1:
                  from requirements to program specifications.},
  JOURNAL = {Acta Informatica 36},
  PAGES = {1-65},
  YEAR = {1999},
  URL = {http://csd.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de/pub/Papers/msero97_1.ps.gz}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{erocd98,
  AUTHOR = {V. Grabowski and C. Dietz and E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {{Semantics for Timed Message Sequence Charts via
      Constraint Diagrams}},
  BOOKTITLE = {Proceedings of the 1st Workshop of the SDL Forum Society
    on SDL and MSC},
  EDITOR = {Y. Lahav and A. Wolisz and J. Fischer and E. Holz},
  SERIES = {Informatik-Bericht Nr. 104},
  YEAR = {Juli 1998},
  PAGES = {251-260},
  PUBLISHER = {Humbold-Universitaet zu Berlin/Germany}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{ero98:formalmethodrealtimesystem,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Formal Methods in Real-Time Systems},
  BOOKTITLE = {Proceedings of the 10th EuroMicro Workshop on Real Time
Systems},
  YEAR = 1998,
  ORGANIZATION = {IEEE Computer Society},
  MONTH = {June},
  PAGES = {254--263}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{erohd98,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog and H. Dierks},
  TITLE = {{Decomposing Real-Time Specifications}},
  BOOKTITLE = {{Compositionality: The Significant Difference}},
  EDITOR = {H. Langmaack and A. Pnueli and W.P. de Roever},
  VOLUME = {1536},
  SERIES = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  YEAR = {1998},
  PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
  PAGES = {465--489},
  NOTE = {{\url{http://csd.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de/pub/Papers/erohd97.ps.gz}
      {An abstract is available on-line}}}
}


@ARTICLE{cfskero97,
  AUTHOR = {C. Fischer and S. Kleuker and E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {{B}eweisbar korrekte {T}elekommunikationssysteme},
  JOURNAL = {Informationstechnik und Technische Informatik},
  YEAR = 1997,
  VOLUME = 3,
  PAGES = {22--28},
  NOTE = {\url{http://csd.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de/pub/Papers/cfskero97-a.ps.gz}
    {An extended abstract is available on-line}},
}


@BOOK{ero97-verification,
  AUTHOR = {K.-R. Apt and E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Verification of Sequential and Concurrent Programs.},
  EDITION = {2nd},
  PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
  YEAR = 1997,
  NOTE = {ISBN 0-387-94896-1. 
    \url{http://www.springer-ny.com/catalog/np/mar97np/DATA/0-387-94896-1.html}
    {This book in the Springer catalogue}.
   
\url{
http://csd.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de/pub/Papers/ero97-verification-a.ps.gz}
    {More Information}.
  }
}


@INCOLLECTION{ero96,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog and A. P. Ravn and J. U. Skakkeb{\ae}k},
  TITLE = {Refining System Requirements to Program Specifications},
  EDITOR = {C. Heitmeyer and D. Mandrioli},
  BOOKTITLE = {Formal Methods for Real-Time Computing},
  CHAPTER = 5,
  PAGES = {107--134},
  PUBLISHER = {Wiley},
  SERIES = {Trends in Software},
  VOLUME = 5,
  YEAR = 1996,
  NOTE = {\url{http://csd.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de/pub/Papers/ero96.ps.gz}
    {An abstract is available on-line}}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{eroms95,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog and M. Schenke},
  TITLE = {Design of Real-Time Systems: The Interface between
    Duration Calculus and Program Specifications},
  EDITOR = {J. Desel},
  BOOKTITLE = {Structures in Concurrency Theory},
  PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
  SERIES = {Workshops in Computing},
  YEAR = 1995,
  PAGES = {32--54},
  URL = {http://csd.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de/pub/Papers/eroms95.ps.gz}
}


@BOOK{ero94,
  AUTHOR = {K. R. Apt and E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Programm\-verifikation},
  PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
  NOTE = {{\url{http://csd.Informatik.Uni-Oldenburg.DE/~skript/pub/Papers/Errata.ps}
      {Errata-Liste}}
    bzw.
{\url{http://csd.Informatik.Uni-Oldenburg.DE/~skript/pub/Papers/Errata\_long.ps}
      {Errata-Liste mit Tippfehlern}}},
  YEAR = 1994
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{eroms94-ftrtft,
  AUTHOR = {Jifeng He and C. A. R. Hoare and M. Fr\"anzle and M.
M\"uller-Olm 
    and E.-R. Olderog and M. Schenke and M. R. Hansen and A. P. Ravn and H.
Rischel},
  TITLE = {Provably Correct Systems},
  EDITOR = {H. Langmaack and W. P. {de Roever} and J. Vytopil},
  BOOKTITLE = {Formal Techniques in Real-Time and Fault-Tolerant Systems
(FTRTFT'94)},
  SERIES = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
  YEAR = 1994,
  VOLUME = 863,
  PAGES = {288--335}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{ero93,
  AUTHOR = {J. P. Bowen and M. Fr\"anzle and E.-R. Olderog and A. P.
Ravn},
  TITLE = {Developing Correct Systems},
  BOOKTITLE = {Proceedings of the 5th EUROMICRO Workshop on Real-Time
Systems 
    (Oulu, Finland)},
  PAGES = {176--189},
  PUBLISHER = {IEEE Computer Society Press},
  YEAR = 1993
}


@TECHREPORT{eroms93,
  AUTHOR = {M. R. Hansen and E.-R. Olderog and M. Schenke and M.
Fr\"anzle and 
    B. {von Karger} and M. M\"uller-Olm and H. Rischel},
  TITLE = {A {Duration Calculus} Semantics for Real-Time Reactive
Systems},
  TYPE = {ProCoS II document},
  NUMBER = {[OLD MRH 1/1]},
  INSTITUTION = {University of Oldenburg, Department of Computer Science, Oldenburg, Germany},
  MONTH = SEP,
  YEAR = 1993,
  URL = {http://csd.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de/pub/Papers/eroms93.ps.gz}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{erosr93,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog and S. R\"ossig},
  TITLE = {A Case Study in Transformational Design of Concurrent
Systems},
  EDITOR = {M.-C. Gaudel and J.-P. Jouannaud},
  BOOKTITLE = {Theory and Practice of Software Development (TAPSOFT'93)},
  SERIES = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  VOLUME = 668,
  PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
  YEAR = 1993,
  PAGES = {90--104}
}


@INCOLLECTION{ero92,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Systematic derivation of communicating programs},
  BOOKTITLE = {Programming and Mathematical Method},
  PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
  YEAR = 1992,
  EDITOR = {M. Broy},
  PAGES = {369--407}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{ero92-icalp,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Interfaces between Languages for Communicating Systems},
  EDITOR = {W. Kuich},
  BOOKTITLE = {Automata, Languages and Programming. Proceedings of the 19th
ICALP 1992},
  SERIES = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  VOLUME = 623,
  PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
  YEAR = 1992,
  PAGES = {641--655},
  NOTE = {Invited paper}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{ero91-algebraic,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog and K. R. Apt},
  TITLE = {Using transformations to verify parallel programs},
  BOOKTITLE = {Algebraic Methods II: Theory, Tools and Applications},
  EDITOR = {J. A. Bergstra and L. M. G. Feijs},
  VOLUME = 490,
  SERIES = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  YEAR = 1991,
  PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
  PAGES = {55--81}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{ero91-concur,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Towards a Design Calculus for Communicating Programs},
  BOOKTITLE = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on
    Concurrency Theory (CONCUR'91) (Amsterdam, The Netherlands)},
  EDITOR = {J. C. M. Baeten and J. F. Groote},
  VOLUME = 527,
  SERIES = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  YEAR = 1991,
  PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
  PAGES = {61--77}
}


@ARTICLE{ero91-correctness,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Correctness of Concurrent Processes},
  JOURNAL = {Theoret.\ Comput.\ Sci.},
  YEAR = 1991,
  VOLUME = 80,
  PAGES = {263--288}
}


@INCOLLECTION{ero91-intro,
  AUTHOR = {K. R. Apt and E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Introduction to Program Verification},
  BOOKTITLE = {Formal Description of Programming Concepts},
  SERIES = {IFIP State-of-the-Art Reports},
  PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
  YEAR = 1991,
  EDITOR = {E. J. Neuhold and M. Paul},
  PAGES = {363--429}
}


@BOOK{Old05-nets,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Nets, Terms and Formulas: Three Views of Concurrent
    Processes and Their Relationship},
  PUBLISHER = {Cambridge University Press},
  YEAR = 1991,
  PAGES = {267},
  NOTE = {Paperback Edition 2005}
}


@INCOLLECTION{ero90,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {From trace specifications to process terms},
  BOOKTITLE = {Stepwise Refinement of Distributed Systems: Models,
    Formalisms, Correctness},
  PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
  YEAR = 1990,
  EDITOR = {J. W. {de Bakker} and W.-P. {de Roever} and G. Rozenberg},
  VOLUME = 430,
  SERIES = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  PAGES = {592--621}
}


@ARTICLE{ero90-acta,
  AUTHOR = {J.-J. Ch. Meyer and E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Hiding in Stream Semantics of Uniform Concurrency},
  JOURNAL = {Acta Informatica},
  YEAR = 1990,
  VOLUME = 27,
  PAGES = {381--397}
}


@INCOLLECTION{ero90-dijkstra,
  AUTHOR = {K. R. Apt and F. S. {de Boer} and E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Proving termination of parallel programs},
  BOOKTITLE = {Beauty is our Business --- A Birthday Salute to Edsger W.
Dijkstra},
  PUBLISHER = {Springer-Verlag},
  YEAR = 1990,
  EDITOR = {W. H. J. Feijen and A. J. M. {van Gasteren} and D. Gries and
J. Misra}
}


@ARTICLE{ero89,
  TITLE = {A {ProCoS} Project Description},
  AUTHOR = {D. Bj\o{}rner and C. A. R.\ Hoare and J. P. Bowen and {He
Jifeng} 
    and H. Langmaack and E.-R. Olderog and U. H. Martin and V. Stavridou and F.
Nielson 
    and H. R. Nielson and H. Barringer and D. Edwards and H. H. L\o{}vengreen
and 
    A. P. Ravn and H. S. Rischel},
  JOURNAL = {Bulletin of the European Association for 
    Theoretical Computer Science (EATCS)},
  VOLUME = 39,
  PAGES = {60--73},
  MONTH = {October},
  YEAR = 1989
}


@ARTICLE{ero88-jcss,
  AUTHOR = {J. W. {de Bakker} and J.-J. Ch. Meyer and E.-R. Olderog and
J. I. Zucker},
  TITLE = {Transition Systems, Metric Spaces and Ready Sets in the
    Semantics of Uniform Concurrency},
  JOURNAL = {Journal of Computer and System Sciences},
  YEAR = 1988,
  VOLUME = 36,
  PAGES = {158--224}
}


@ARTICLE{ero88-siam,
  AUTHOR = {J. A. Bergstra and J. W. Klop and E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Readies and Failures in the Algebra of Communicating
Processes},
  JOURNAL = {SIAM J.\ Comput.},
  YEAR = 1988,
  VOLUME = 17,
  PAGES = {1134--1177}
}


@ARTICLE{ero88-toplas,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog and K. R. Apt},
  TITLE = {Fairness in Parallel Programs: the Transformational
Approach},
  JOURNAL = {ACM TOPLAS},
  YEAR = 1988,
  VOLUME = 10,
  PAGES = {420--455}
}


@ARTICLE{ero87,
  AUTHOR = {J. W. de Bakker and J.-J. Ch. Meyer and E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Infinite Streams and Finite Observations in the Semantics
    of Uniform Concurrence},
  JOURNAL = {Theoret.\ Comput.\ Sci.},
  YEAR = 1987,
  VOLUME = 49,
  PAGES = {87--112}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{bko87,
  AUTHOR = {J.A. Bergstra and J.W. Klop and E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Failures without Chaos: a Process Semantics for Fair
Abstraction},
  BOOKTITLE = {Formal Description of Programming Concepts -- III},
  EDITOR = {M. Wirsing},
  SERIES = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  YEAR = {1987},
  PUBLISHER = {North-Holland},
  ADDRESS = {Amsterdam},
  PAGES = {77--101}
}


@ARTICLE{ero86,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog and C. A. R. Hoare},
  TITLE = {Specification-oriented Semantics for Communicating
Processes},
  JOURNAL = {Acta Informatica},
  YEAR = 1986,
  VOLUME = 23,
  PAGES = {9--66}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{bmoz85,
  AUTHOR = {J.W. de Bakker and J.-J. Ch. Meyer and E.-R. Olderog and J.I.
Zucker},
  TITLE = {Transition systems, infinitary languages and the semantics
    of uniform concurrency},
  BOOKTITLE = {Proc.~17th ACM Symp.~on Theory of Computing},
  YEAR = {1985},
  PUBLISHER = {ACM Press},
  PAGES = {252--262},
  NOTE = {Providence, R.I.}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{ol84-overview,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Hoare's logic for programs with procedures---what has been
achieved?},
  BOOKTITLE = {Proc. Logics of Programs},
  EDITOR = {E.M. Clarke and D. Kozen},
  VOLUME = {164},
  SERIES = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  YEAR = {1984},
  PUBLISHER = {Springer},
  PAGES = {383--395}
}


@ARTICLE{ol84,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Correctness of Programs with {P}ascal-like Procedures without
Global 
    Variables},
  JOURNAL = {Theoretical Computer Science},
  YEAR = {1984},
  VOLUME = {30},
  PAGES = {49--90}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{ol83-phd,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {A Characterization of {H}oare's logic for programs with
    {P}ascal-like procedures},
  BOOKTITLE = {Proc.~15th ACM Symp.~on Theory of Computing},
  YEAR = {1983},
  PUBLISHER = {ACM Press},
  MONTH = {April},
  PAGES = {320--329},
  NOTE = {Boston, Mass.}
}


@ARTICLE{ao83,
  AUTHOR = {K.R. Apt and E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Proof Rules and Transformations Dealing with Fairness},
  JOURNAL = {Science of Computer Programming},
  YEAR = {1983},
  VOLUME = {3},
  PAGES = {65--100}
}


@ARTICLE{ol83,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {On the Notion of Expressiveness and the Rule of Adaptation},
  JOURNAL = {Theoretical Computer Science},
  YEAR = {1983},
  VOLUME = {24},
  PAGES = {337--347}
}


@ARTICLE{ol81-msc,
  AUTHOR = {E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Sound and Complete {H}oare-like Calculi based on Copy Rules},
  JOURNAL = {Acta Informatica},
  YEAR = {1981},
  VOLUME = {16},
  PAGES = {161--197}
}


@INPROCEEDINGS{lo80-l4,
  AUTHOR = {H. Langmaack and E.-R. Olderog},
  TITLE = {Present-day {H}oare-like systems for programming languages
    with procedures: power, limits and most likely extensions},
  BOOKTITLE = {Automata, Languages and Programming (Proc.~7th ICALP)},
  EDITOR = {J.W. de Bakker and J. van Leeuwen},
  VOLUME = {85},
  SERIES = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  YEAR = {1980},
  PUBLISHER = {Springer},
  PAGES = {363--373}
}

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